Horizontal lines on a map represent which of the following?

Horizontal lines on a map represent latitude. Latitude lines, also known as parallels, run parallel to the Equator and indicate how far north or south a point is from this reference line. Each line of latitude is measured in degrees, with the Equator at 0 degrees, the North Pole at 90 degrees north, and the South Pole at 90 degrees south.

These lines are crucial for navigation and geographic understanding, forming a grid system that, when paired with vertical lines of longitude, allows for precise location identification on Earth's surface. In contrast, vertical lines on a map represent longitude, which measures how far east or west a location is from the Prime Meridian. Altitude and elevation are concepts related to height above sea level, while lines on a map indicating these are typically represented through contour lines or numerical data, rather than horizontal lines.