What defines a precision approach?

A precision approach is characterized by providing both lateral and vertical guidance to the runway, enabling pilots to make more accurate landings. This type of approach typically utilizes advanced instrumentation such as the Instrument Landing System (ILS), which helps guide an aircraft not only on a horizontal path to the runway but also on a vertical descent profile. This increased precision is significantly advantageous, especially in conditions where visibility may be limited, as it helps ensure a safe and efficient landing.

In contrast, the other options focus on aspects that do not align with the definition of a precision approach. An approach that does not require instruments does not offer the necessary guidance for precision, and approaches that allow for visual landings only are classified as visual approaches, which lack the precision guidance provided during a precision approach. Additionally, while some precision approaches may be utilized during poor weather conditions, they are not exclusively used for that purpose, as they can be beneficial in a variety of visibility situations.